Como descolonizar la democracia: Innovación de gobernanza indígena en Bolivia y Nunavut, Canada

Autores/as

  • Roberta Rice University of Calgary

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5195/bsj.2016.169

Palabras clave:

democracia diversificadora, experimentos descolonizadores en Bolivia y Nunavut, gobernanza de recursos, gobernanza participativa, movimiento indígena inuit

Resumen

Este artículo analiza los éxitos, fracasos y lecciones aprendidas de los innovadores experimentos de descolonización que se están llevando a cabo actualmente en Bolivia y Nunavut, Canadá. Bolivia y Nunavut son los primeros experimentos de gobernanza indígena a gran escala en las Américas. En ambos casos, los pueblos indígenas son mayorías marginadas que recientemente han asumido el poder por medio de mecanismos democráticos. En Bolivia, la inclusión de elementos directos, participativos y comunitarios en el sistema democrático ha mejorado dramáticamente la representación de los pueblos indígenas. En Nunavut, los inuit también han optado por gestionar la autodeterminación a través de un sistema de gobierno público en lugar de un acuerdo de autogobierno específicamente inuit. El gobierno de Nunavut intenta incorporar valores, creencias y visiones del mundo inuit en el sistema de gobierno canadiense. En ambos casos, las condiciones para el éxito están lejos de ser ideales. Considerables problemas sociales, económicos e institucionales siguen afectando a los nuevos gobiernos de Bolivia y Nunavut. Pese a ello, y en base a investigaciones realizadas en Bolivia y Nunavut, el artículo da cuenta de importantes ganancias democráticas y propone que el surgimiento de nuevos mecanismos para la participación indígena y popular tiene el potencial de fortalecer la democracia al ampliar las concepciones y expectativas democráticas liberales.

Biografía del autor/a

Roberta Rice, University of Calgary

Assistant Professor of Indigenous Politics, Department of Political Science, University of Calgary, Canada

Descargas

Publicado

2017-03-27

Número

Bolivian Studies Journal Vol. 22, 2016

Sección

Artículos

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